This is a complete list of former Presidents of the Philippines who ran again after the Presidency or was appointed in a government position after his/her term ended.
Since the adoption of the 1987 Constitution, a former president may not run for the office unless s/he has served more than 4 years; the previous 1973 constitution provided no limit while the 1935 constitution provided only one reelection. The term limit has prevented any incumbent president to run again for office; one exception was Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo, who has served for 3 and a half years prior to her election in 2004.
Contents |
This list only includes former Presidents (those who are not in position anymore and seeking for a comeback) who ran again for President.
| President | Previous term |
Year of attempted comeback |
Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| Emilio Aguinaldo | 1899–1901 | 1935 | Lost |
| José P. Laurel | 1943–1945 | 1949 | Lost |
| Joseph Estrada | 1998–2001 | 2010 | Lost |
List of Presidents who run as a Lawmaker after the presidency:
| President | Term | Year of election | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| José P. Laurel | 1943–1945 | 1951 | Won |
List of Presidents who run as a Lawmaker after the presidency:
| President | Term | Province (District) | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo | 2001–2010 | Pampanga - 2nd District | Won |
| President | Previous term |
Year of appointment |
Office | Appointee |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sergio Osmeña | 1944–1946 | 1946 | Council of State | Roxas |
| Emilio Aguinaldo | 1899–1901 | 1950 | Council of State | Quirino |
| José P. Laurel | 1943–1945 | 1954 | Head, Mission of Trade Negotiations and other issues with US officials |
Magsaysay |
| Sergio Osmeña | 1944–1946 | 1961 | National Security Council | Garcia |
| Carlos P. Garcia | 1957–1961 | 1971 | President, 1971-73 Constitutional Convention |
Marcos |
| Diosdado Macapagal | 1961–1965 | 1971 | President, 1971-73 Constitutional Convention |
Marcos |
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